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Results for "

ATP production

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	ATP Synthase (2) Apoptosis (3) Autophagy (1) Bacterial (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (1) Endogenous Metabolite (9) Fluorescent Dye (3) Fungal (1) Interleukin Related (2) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (1) Lactate Dehydrogenase (2) MAPKAPK2 (MK2) (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (4) mTOR (2) Oxidative Phosphorylation (2) P2Y Receptor (1) p38 MAPK (2) Paraptosis (1) PIKfyve (1) PKC (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (3) Src (1) Tyrosinase (6)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (11) Infection (2) Inflammation/Immunology (7) Metabolic Disease (7) Neurological Disease (2)

By Targets:

ATP Synthase (2)

Apoptosis (3)

Autophagy (1)

Bacterial (1)

Biochemical Assay Reagents (1)

Endogenous Metabolite (9)

Fluorescent Dye (3)

Fungal (1)

Interleukin Related (2)

Isotope-Labeled Compounds (1)

Lactate Dehydrogenase (2)

MAPKAPK2 (MK2) (1)

Mitochondrial Metabolism (4)

mTOR (2)

Oxidative Phosphorylation (2)

P2Y Receptor (1)

p38 MAPK (2)

Paraptosis (1)

PIKfyve (1)

PKC (1)

Reactive Oxygen Species (3)

Src (1)

Tyrosinase (6)

By Research Areas:

Cancer (11)

Infection (2)

Inflammation/Immunology (7)

Metabolic Disease (7)

Neurological Disease (2)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Targets Recommended: ATP Synthase ATP Citrate Lyase P-glycoprotein

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-N1469

Kaurenoic acid
Kaurenoic acid is a diterpene from Sphagneticola trilobata, inhibits Inflammatory Pain by the inhibition of cytokine production and activation of the NO–cyclic GMP–PKG–ATP-sensitive potassium channel signaling pathway .

HY-P2887

Acetate kinase (ACK)	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Acetate kinase (ACK) is an enzyme widely distributed in bacteria and archaea. In the presence of ATP and divalent cations, it catalyzes the phosphorylation of acetate and promotes the production of acetyl-CoA. Often used in biochemical research .

HY-157438A

pppApA sodium	Others	Metabolic Disease
pppApA sodium is a linear dinucleotide intermediate in the enzymatic production of the bacterial signalling nucleotide c-diAMP. pppApA sodium is formed by conjugation between two molecules of ATP .

HY-157438

pppApA	Others	Metabolic Disease
pppApA is a linear dinucleotide intermediate in the enzymatic production of the bacterial signalling nucleotide c-diAMP. pppApA is formed by conjugation between two molecules of ATP .

HY-116482

Desmedipham	Others	Others
Desmedipham is a selective systemic phenyl-carbamate herbicide. Desmedipham acts by disrupting CO₂ fixation and the production of intermediary energy components-ATP and NADPH₂ and inhibition of Hill reaction .

HY-145304

DX3-235	Oxidative Phosphorylation Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
DX3-235 is an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor. DX3-235 shows nanomolar inhibition of complex I function and ATP production in a galactose-containing medium resulting in significant cytotoxicity .

HY-W040118

Galloflavin 4 Publications Verification	Lactate Dehydrogenase	Cancer
Galloflavin is a potent lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibitor. The calculated K_is for pyruvate are 5.46 µM (LDH-A) and 15.06 µM (LDH-B). Galloflavin hinders the proliferation of cancer cells by blocking glycolysis and ATP production .

HY-W013636

2-Ketoglutaric acid 2 Publications Verification Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite	Others
2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM) .

HY-W013636A

2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium 2 Publications Verification Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM) .

HY-W013636B

Calcium 2-oxoglutarate 2 Publications Verification	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Calcium 2-oxoglutarate is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. Calcium 2-oxoglutarate also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. Calcium 2-oxoglutarate is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM) .

HY-153715

NV-354 Mitochondria modulator-1	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Metabolic Disease
Mitochondria modulator-1 is a mitochondrial regulator that stimulates mitochondrial ATP production. Mitochondria modulator-1 has good oral bioavailability, blood-brain barrier permeability, and good plasma stability. Mitochondria modulator-1 has the potential to study mitochondrial diseases .

HY-145303

DX2-201	Oxidative Phosphorylation Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
DX2-201 is a potent and selective oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex I inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 312 nM. DX2-201 has anticancer effects .

HY-110126

AR-C118925XX 1 Publications Verification	P2Y Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
AR-C118925XX is a selective P2Y2 receptor antagonist. AR-C118925XX inhibits ATP-induced IL-6 production and phosphorylation of p38. AR-C118925XX also inhibits Bleomycin (HY-108345)-induced dermal fibrosis in mice. AR-C118925XX also inhibits ATP-induced tumor growth .

HY-16214

FX-11 10+ Cited Publications LDHA Inhibitor FX11	Lactate Dehydrogenase Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species	Cancer
FX-11 is a potent, selective, reversible and competitive lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) inhibitor, with a K_i of 8 μM. FX-11 reduces ATP levels and induces oxidative stress, ROS production and cell death. FX-11 shows antitumor activity in lymphoma and pancreatic cancer xenografts .

HY-15982

APY0201 2 Publications Verification	PIKfyve Interleukin Related	Inflammation/Immunology
APY0201 is a potent PIKfyve inhibitor, which inhibits the conversion of PtdIns3P to PtdIns(3,5)P₂ in the presence of in the presence of [ ³³P]ATP with an IC₅₀ of 5.2 nM. APY0201 also inhibits IL-12/IL-23 production.

HY-12203

PFK-158 5+ Cited Publications	Autophagy Apoptosis	Cancer
PFK-158 is a potent and selective PFKFB3 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value 137 nM. PFK-158 reduces glucose uptake, ATP production, lactate release, and induces apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. PFK-158 has broad anti-tumor activity. PFK-158 can also enhance Colistin's resistance to bacteria .

HY-107427

PF-3644022	MAPKAPK2 (MK2) p38 MAPK	Inflammation/Immunology
PF-3644022 is a potent, selective, orally active and ATP-competitive MAPKAPK2 (MK2) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 5.2 nM and a K_i of 3 nM. PF-3644022 also inhibits MK3 and p38 regulated/activated kinase (PRAK) with IC₅₀s of 53 nM and 5.0 nM, respectively. PF-3644022 potently inhibits TNFα production and has anti-inflammatory effect .

HY-W013636S

2-Ketoglutaric acid-13C5	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite	Others
2-Ketoglutaric acid- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid[1]. 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM)[2].

HY-W013636S1

2-Ketoglutaric acid-d4 Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid-d₄	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite	Others
2-Ketoglutaric acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid[1]. 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM)[2].

HY-W013636S2

2-Ketoglutaric acid-d6	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite	Others
2-Ketoglutaric acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid[1]. 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM)[2].

HY-153812

AST 7062601 AST070	Others	Metabolic Disease
AST 7062601 (AST070) is a Ucp1 inducer that strongly induces endogenous Ucp1 expression in primary mouse brown adipocytes. Ucp1 refers to uncoupling protein, found in brown and beige fat cells. In mammals, UCP1 oxidizes fatty acids and uncouples ATP production in mitochondria to promote energy dissipation as heat. AST 7062601 can be used to study thermogenic, uncoupled respiration .

HY-156622

Leramistat HMC-C-01-A; MBS2320	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
Leramistat (HMC-C-01-A; MBS2320) is a mitochondrial complex 1 inhibitor, involving in cell metabolism immune metabolism regulation. Leramistat also inhibits ATP production in Thp1 human monocytes (IC₅₀: 0.63 μM). Leramistat inhibits atopic dermatitis and other skin diseases autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancer; and also inhibits osteoclast mediated disease .

HY-151555

Antifungal agent 44	Fungal	Infection
Antifungal agent 44 (compound 2A-5) is an antifungal agent, and shows excellent fungicidal activity superior to Kresoxim-methyl (HY-125776). Antifungal agent 44 shows fungicidal activity against Phytophthora capsici most remarkably, with an EC₅₀ value of about 5 μM .

HY-117843

Ppc-1	Mitochondrial Metabolism Interleukin Related Bacterial	Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Ppc-1 is a mitochondrial uncoupler. Ppc-1 enhances mitochondrial oxygen consumption without adverse effects on ATP production. Ppc-1 is a cell-permeate interleukin-2 (IL-2) inhibitor. Ppc-1 inhibits the Gram-negative periodontopathogen *Porphyromonas gingivalis*. Ppc-1 has anti-obesity, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities .

HY-W013636S3

2-Ketoglutaric acid-13C Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid-¹³C	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
2-Ketoglutaric acid- ¹³C (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid- ¹³C) is a ¹³C labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid (HY-W013636) . 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM) .

HY-113038

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate; (R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid; (R)-2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid	Reactive Oxygen Species ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

HY-100542

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium 2 Publications Verification Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate	Reactive Oxygen Species ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

HY-112291

SB 220025	p38 MAPK Src PKC	Inflammation/Immunology
SB 220025 is a reversible, orally active, cell-permeable, ATP-competitive and selective human p38 MAPK inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 60 nM). SB 220025 also inhibits p56 ^Lck and PKC with IC₅₀ values of 3.5 and 2.89 µM, respectively. SB 220025 inhibits the expression of IL-8 gene in response to globular adiponectin (gAd), reduces inflammatory cytokine production and inhibits angiogenesis. SB 220025 effectively prevents the progression of arthritis in a chronic inflammatory disease model and can be used in the study of inflammation .

HY-12591

D-Luciferin sodium Maximum Cited Publications 36 Publications Verification D-(-)-Luciferin sodium; Firefly luciferin sodium; Beetle Luciferin sodium	Fluorescent Dye	Others
D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We of er the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

HY-12591A

D-Luciferin Maximum Cited Publications 36 Publications Verification D-(-)-Luciferin; Firefly luciferin; Beetle Luciferin	Fluorescent Dye	Others
D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We of er the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

HY-12591B

D-Luciferin potassium Maximum Cited Publications 36 Publications Verification D-(-)-Luciferin potassium; Firefly luciferin potassium; Beetle Luciferin potassium	Fluorescent Dye	Others
D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We offer the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

HY-155718

fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3]	Apoptosis	Cancer
fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3] (compound 6), the rhenium(I) tricarbonyl aqua complex, is an anticancer agent associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3] is cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells, IC₅₀=50 nM (PC-3 cells). fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3] mainly accumulates in the nucleus, down-regulates ATP production in PC3 cells, and promotes apoptosis. However, fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3] did not induce necrosis, pyrodeath and autophagy .

HY-155719

fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3]	Paraptosis	Cancer
fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3] (compound 3), the rhenium(I) tricarbonyl aqua complex, is an anticancer agent associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3] is cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells with IC₅₀=0.32 μM (PC-3 cells). fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3] mainly accumulates in mitochondria, down-regulates ATP production in PC3 cells, and promotes paraptosis. However, fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3] did not induce necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy .

Mitochondria-Targeted Compound Library	890 compounds
Mitochondria plays an important role in many vital processes in cells, including energy production, fatty-acid oxidation and the Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle, calcium signaling, permeability transition, apoptosis and heat production. At present, it is recognized that many diseases are associated with impaired mitochondrial function, such as increased accumulation of ROS and decreased OXPHOS and ATP production. Mitochondria are recognized as one of the most important targets for new drug design in cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases, etc. Some small molecule drugs or biologics can act on mitochondria through various pathways, including ETC inhibition, OXPHOS uncoupling, mitochondrial Ca²⁺ modulation, and control of oxidative stress via decrease or increase of mitochondrial ROS accumulation. MCE supplies a unique collection of 890 mitochondria-targeted compound that mainly targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism, ATP Synthase, Mitophagy, Reactive Oxygen Species, etc. MCE Mitochondria-Targeted Compound Library is a useful tool for mitochondria-targeted drug discovery and related research.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-12591

D-Luciferin sodium Maximum Cited Publications 36 Publications Verification D-(-)-Luciferin sodium; Firefly luciferin sodium; Beetle Luciferin sodium	Chromogenic Substrates
D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We of er the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

D-Luciferin sodium

Maximum Cited Publications

36 Publications Verification

D-(-)-Luciferin sodium; Firefly luciferin sodium; Beetle Luciferin sodium

Chromogenic Substrates

D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We of er the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

HY-12591A

D-Luciferin Maximum Cited Publications 36 Publications Verification D-(-)-Luciferin; Firefly luciferin; Beetle Luciferin	Chromogenic Substrates
D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We of er the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

D-Luciferin

Maximum Cited Publications

36 Publications Verification

D-(-)-Luciferin; Firefly luciferin; Beetle Luciferin

Chromogenic Substrates

HY-12591B

D-Luciferin potassium Maximum Cited Publications 36 Publications Verification D-(-)-Luciferin potassium; Firefly luciferin potassium; Beetle Luciferin potassium	Chromogenic Substrates
D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We offer the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

D-Luciferin potassium

Maximum Cited Publications

36 Publications Verification

D-(-)-Luciferin potassium; Firefly luciferin potassium; Beetle Luciferin potassium

Chromogenic Substrates

D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We offer the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

Acetate kinase (ACK)	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Acetate kinase (ACK) is an enzyme widely distributed in bacteria and archaea. In the presence of ATP and divalent cations, it catalyzes the phosphorylation of acetate and promotes the production of acetyl-CoA. Often used in biochemical research .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-W013636

2-Ketoglutaric acid 2 Publications Verification Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Source classification Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Microorganisms Immune System Disorder Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Disease Research Fields	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite
2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM) .

HY-W013636A

2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium 2 Publications Verification Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite
2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM) .

HY-W013636B

Calcium 2-oxoglutarate 2 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite
Calcium 2-oxoglutarate is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. Calcium 2-oxoglutarate also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. Calcium 2-oxoglutarate is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM) .

HY-100542

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium 2 Publications Verification Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Cancer	Reactive Oxygen Species ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

HY-113038

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate; (R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid; (R)-2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid	Classification of Application Fields Neurological Disease Anti-aging Source classification Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Immune System Disorder Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology Cancer	Reactive Oxygen Species ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

HY-12591A

D-Luciferin Maximum Cited Publications 36 Publications Verification D-(-)-Luciferin; Firefly luciferin; Beetle Luciferin	Natural Products Animals Source classification Other Diseases Disease Research Fields	Fluorescent Dye
D-luciferin is the natural substrate of the enzyme luciferase (Luc) that catalyzes the production of the typical yellowgreen light of fireflies. The 560 nm chemiluminescence from this reaction peaks within seconds, with light output that is proportional to luciferase concentration when the substrate luciferin is present in excess. The luciferase (luc) gene is a popular reporter gene for research and agent screening. Chemiluminescent techniques are virtually background-free, making the luc reporter gene ideal for detecting low-level gene expression. As little as 0.02 pg of luciferase can be reliably measured in a standard scintillation counter. In addition to its role as a reporter of gene expression, luciferase is commonly used in an extremely sensitive assay for ATP . We of er the firefly luciferase (HY-P1004), luciferin free acid (HY-12591A), as well as its water-soluble sodium salts (HY-12591) and potassium salts (HY-12591B) .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-W013636S

2-Ketoglutaric acid-13C5
2-Ketoglutaric acid- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid[1]. 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM)[2].

HY-W013636S1

2-Ketoglutaric acid-d4
2-Ketoglutaric acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid[1]. 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM)[2].

HY-W013636S2

2-Ketoglutaric acid-d6
2-Ketoglutaric acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid[1]. 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM)[2].

HY-W013636S3

2-Ketoglutaric acid-13C

2-Ketoglutaric acid- ¹³C (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid- ¹³C) is a ¹³C labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid (HY-W013636) . 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM) .

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